Tailsitter I |
Convair XFY-1 Pogo The Convair XFY Pogo tailsitter was an experiment in vertical takeoff and landing. The Pogo had delta wings and three-bladed contra-rotating propellers powered by a 5,500 hp Allison YT40-A-16 turboprop engine. It was intended to be a high-performance fighter aircraft capable of operating from small warships. Landing the XFY-1 was difficult as the pilot had to look over his shoulder while carefully working the throttle to land. After World War II, the brewing conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union prompted top United States Army and Navy to study VTOL operations. In May 1951, Lockheed and Convair were awarded contracts in the attempt to design, construct, and test two experimental VTOL fighters that would be suitable for use by the Armed forces. Although contract stipulations stated that each manufacturer have two fighters, each was only able to construct one, with Lockheed producing the XFV, and Convair producing the XFY, nicknamed the "Pogo".On 19 April 1954, a Convair engineering test pilot and Marine reserve, Lieutenant Colonel James F. "Skeets" Coleman, made the first tethered flight in the Pogo. The XFY-1 was like no other propeller driven aircraft before it. No previous aircraft with a similar weight, engine power, or size had ever attempted to take off and land vertically. For the safety of both the craft and its pilot, the first test consisted of the propeller hub cover being removed and replaced with safety tether lines for a case in which the Coleman would lose control of the craft and would need to be tethered to prevent the craft falling to the ground. On the other end of the tether was another engineer, Bob McGreary. If Coleman ever lost control, McGreary controlled the winch which could be turned to raise the tethers to prevent the craft from plummeting to the ground. For further safety preventions, four security cables were fastened to each wing in case control was lost in any axis. Throughout the next few weeks, Coleman logged almost 60 hours in test flights in the Pogo, and by August, the test was moved to outdoor conditions. On 1 August 1954, Coleman logged two outdoor test flights, the second flying 150 feet into the air, and shortly after he flew 70 takeoff-landing drills at the Naval Auxiliary Air Station in Brown Field, California. The first conversion to horizontal flight took place on 2 November 1954. But upon later flights with longer durations, flaws in the design were found. Due to the Pogo's lightweight design, and the lack of spoilers and air brakes, the aircraft lacked the ability to slow down and stop efficiently after moving at high speeds. Landing was also a problem, as the pilot had to look back behind himself during a landing to properly stabilize the craft. Due to these problems, the XFY Project was put on hiatus. Although a test flight was made on 19 May 1955, it again ended with failure, and on 1 August 1955, the project formally concluded. The last flight of the Pogo took place in November 1956. Crew: 1 Length: 22 ft 11 in (10.66 m) Wingspan: 27 ft 7¾ in (8.43 m) Height: ft in (m) Wing area: 427 ft² (39.7 m²) Empty weight: 11,700 lb (5,310 kg) Max takeoff weight: 16,250 lb (7,370 kg) Powerplant: 1× Allison YT40-A-16 turboprop engine, 5,500 hp (4,100 kW) Propellers: 3-bladed contra-rotating propellers Maximum speed: 610 mph (530 knots, 980 km/h) at 15,000 ft (4,600 m) Cruise speed: ≈400 mph (350 knots, 640 km/h) Range: ≈400 mi (350 nm, 640 km) cruising at 33,000 ft (10,000 m) Service ceiling: 43,600 feet (13,300 m) Max wing loading: 38.1 lb/ft² (186 kg/m²) Minimum power/mass: 0.34 hp/lb (560 W/kg) Projected armament: Guns: 4× 20 mm (0.787 in) cannon, or Rockets: 48× 70 mm (2.76 in) Mk 4 Folding-Fin Aerial Rockets USN 87 René Hieronymus Scale 1:72 Building time 19 hrs.
|